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Fortinet NSE7_EFW-7.2 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 28
You want to improve reliability over a lossy IPSec tunnel.
Which combination of IPSec phase 1 parameters should you configure?
- A. fec-ingress and fec-egress
- B. keepalive and keylive
- C. fragmentation and fragmentation-mtu
- D. Odpd and dpd-retryinterval
Answer: C
Explanation:
For improving reliability over a lossy IPSec tunnel, the fragmentation and fragmentation-mtu parameters should be configured. In scenarios where there might be issues with packet size or an unreliable network, setting the IPsec phase 1 to allow for fragmentation will enable large packets to be broken down, preventing them from being dropped due to size or poor network quality. The fragmentation-mtu specifies the size of the fragments. This is aligned with Fortinet's recommendations for handling IPsec VPN over networks with potential packet loss or size limitations.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a partial BGP combination.
You want to configure a loopback as the OGP source.
Which two parameters must you set in the BGP configuration? (Choose two)
- A. ibgp-enfoce-multihop
- B. recursive-next-hop
- C. update-source
- D. ebgp-enforce-multihop
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
To configure a loopback as the BGP source, you need to set the "ebgp-enforce-multihop" and "update-source" parameters in the BGP configuration. The "ebgp-enforce-multihop" allows EBGP connections to neighbor routers that are not directly connected, while "update-source" specifies the IP address that should be used for the BGP session1. References := BGP on loopback, Loopback interface, Technical Tip: Configuring EBGP Multihop Load-Balancing, Technical Tip: BGP routes are not installed in routing table with loopback as update source
NEW QUESTION # 30
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows an ADVPN network.
The client behind Spoke-1 generates traffic to the device located behind Spoke-2.
Which first message floes the hub send to Spoke-110 bring up the dynamic tunnel?
- A. Shortcut reply
- B. Shortcut offer
- C. Shortcut query
- D. Shortcut forward
Answer: B
Explanation:
The first message that the hub sends to Spoke-1 to bring up the dynamic tunnel is a shortcut offer. This is a BGP message that contains the NHRP information of the destination spoke (Spoke-2) and offers to create a shortcut tunnel between the two spokes. The shortcut offer is sent after the hub receives a BGP update from Spoke-2 with the destination prefix and the NHRP information. Reference: You can find more information about ADVPN and BGP in the following Fortinet Enterprise Firewall 7.2 documents:
ADVPN
BGP
ADVPN with BGP as the routing protocol
NEW QUESTION # 31
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a routing table.
What two options can you configure in OSPF to block the advertisement of the 10.1.10.0 prefix? (Choose two.)
- A. Remove the 16.1.10.C prefix from the OSPF network
- B. Configure a route-map out
- C. Configure a distribute-list-out
- D. Disable Redistribute Connected
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
To block the advertisement of the 10.1.10.0 prefix in OSPF, you can configure a distribute-list-out or a route- map out. A distribute-list-out is used to filter outgoing routing updates from being advertised to OSPF neighbors1. A route-map out can also be used for filtering and is applied to outbound routing updates2. References := Technical Tip: Inbound route filtering in OSPF usi ... - Fortinet Community, OSPF | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.2 - Fortinet Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 32
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows information about an OSPF interlace
What two conclusions can you draw from this command output? (Choose two.)
- A. The port3 network has more man one OSPF router
- B. The OSPF routers are in the area ID of 0.0.0.1.
- C. The interfaces of the OSPF routers match the MTU value that is configured as 1500.
- D. NGFW-1 is the designated router
Answer: A,D
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which two statements about ADVPN are true? (Choose two.)
- A. The hub adds routes based on IKE negotiations.
- B. AllFortiGate devices must be in the same autonomous system (AS).
- C. You must disable add-route in the hub.
- D. You must configure phase 2 quick mode selectors to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
C). The hub adds routes based on IKE negotiations: This is part of the ADVPN functionality where the hub learns about the networks behind the spokes and can add routes dynamically based on the IKE negotiations with the spokes.
D). You must configure phase 2 quick mode selectors to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0: This wildcard setting in the phase 2 selectors allows any-to-any tunnel establishment, which is necessary for the dynamic creation of spoke-to-spoke tunnels.
These configurations are outlined in Fortinet's documentation for setting up ADVPN, where the hub's role in route control and the use of wildcard selectors for phase 2 are emphasized to enable dynamic tunneling between spokes.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a network diagram.
Which IPsec phase 2 configuration should you impalement so that only one remote site is connected at any time?
- A. Set net-device to enable
- B. Set single-source to enable
- C. Set route-overlap to allow.
- D. Set route-overlap to either use-new or use-old
Answer: B
Explanation:
The "single-source" option ensures that only one remote site is connected at any time, which aligns with the requirement in the question. This option prevents multiple VPN tunnels from being established between the same source and destination networks, and allows only the most recent tunnel to be active. This can be useful for scenarios where multiple remote sites have the same IP address range, as shown in the exhibit. Reference := Fortinet Enterprise Firewall Study Guide for FortiOS 7.2, page 142.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which statement about network processor (NP) offloading is true?
- A. You can disable the NP for each firewall policy using the command np-acceleration st to loose.
- B. The NP checks the session key or IPSec SA
- C. For TCP traffic FortiGate CPU offloads the first packets of SYN/ACK and ACK of the three-way handshake to NP
- D. The NP provides IPS signature matching
Answer: B
Explanation:
Network processors (NPs) are specialized hardware within FortiGate devices that accelerate certain security functions. One of the primary functions of NPs is to provide IPS signature matching (B), allowing for high- speed inspection of traffic against a database of known threat signatures.
NEW QUESTION # 36
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial web filter profile conjuration What can you cone udo from this configuration about access to www.facebook, com, which is categorized as Social Networking?
- A. The access is allowed based on the FortiGuard Category Based Filter configuration
- B. The access is hocked if the local or the public FortiGuard server does not reply
- C. The access is blocked based on the URL Filter configuration
- D. The access is blocked based on the Content Filter configuration
Answer: C
Explanation:
The access to www.facebook.com is blocked based on the URL Filter configuration. In the exhibit, it shows that the URL "www.facebook.com" is specifically set to "Block" under the URL Filter section1. Reference := Fortigate: How to configure Web Filter function on Fortigate, Web filter | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.0.2 | Fortinet Document Library, FortiGate HTTPS web URL filtering ... - Fortinet ... - Fortinet Community
NEW QUESTION # 37
You want to block access to the website ww.eicar.org using a custom IPS signature.
Which custom IPS signature should you configure?
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Option D is the correct answer because it specifically blocks access to the website "www.eicar.org" using TCP protocol and HTTP service, which are commonly used for web browsing. The other options either use the wrong protocol (UDP), the wrong service (DNS or SSL), or the wrong pattern ("eicar" instead of "www.
eicar.org"). References := Configuring custom signatures | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.4.0 - Fortinet Document Library, section "Signature to block access to example.com".
NEW QUESTION # 38
You want to block access to the website ww.eicar.org using a custom IPS signature.
Which custom IPS signature should you configure?
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Option D is the correct answer because it specifically blocks access to the website "www.eicar.org" using TCP protocol and HTTP service, which are commonly used for web browsing. The other options either use the wrong protocol (UDP), the wrong service (DNS or SSL), or the wrong pattern ("eicar" instead of "www.eicar.org"). Reference := Configuring custom signatures | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.4.0 - Fortinet Document Library, section "Signature to block access to example.com".
NEW QUESTION # 39
Refer to the exhibit, which shows config system central-management information.
Which setting must you configure for the web filtering feature to function?
- A. Set update-server-location to automatic.
- B. Add server. fortiguard. net to the server list.
- C. Configure server-type with the rating option.
- D. Configure securewf.fortiguard. net on the default servers.
Answer: B
Explanation:
For the web filtering feature to function effectively, the FortiGate device needs to have a server configured for rating services. The rating option in the server-type setting specifies that the server is used for URL rating lookup, which is essential for web filtering. The displayed configuration does not list any FortiGuard web filtering servers, which would be necessary for web filtering. The setting set include-default-servers disable indicates that the default FortiGuard servers are not being used, and hence, a specific server for web filtering (like securewf.fortiguard.net) needs to be configured.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a network diagram.
Which protocol should you use to configure the FortiGate cluster?
- A. OFGSP
- B. FGCP in active-active mode
- C. VRRP
- D. FGCP in active-passive mode
Answer: D
Explanation:
Given the network diagram and the presence of two FortiGate devices, the Fortinet Gate Clustering Protocol (FGCP) in active-passive mode is the most appropriate for setting up a FortiGate cluster. FGCP supports high availability configurations and is designed to allow one FortiGate to seamlessly take over if the other fails, providing continuous network availability. This is supported by Fortinet documentation for high availability configurations using FGCP.
NEW QUESTION # 41
After enabling IPS you receive feedback about traffic being dropped.
What could be the reason?
- A. Fail-open is set to disable
- B. Np-accel-mode is set to enable
- C. IPS is configured to monitor
- D. Traffic-submit is set to disable
Answer: A
Explanation:
Fail-open is a feature that allows traffic to pass through the IPS sensor without inspection when the sensor fails or is overloaded. If fail-open is set to disable, traffic will be dropped in such scenarios1. References:
= IPS | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.3 - Fortinet Documentation
When IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) is configured, iffail-openis set to disable, it means that if the IPS engine fails, traffic will not be allowed to pass through, which can result in traffic being dropped (D). This is in contrast to a fail-open setting, which would allow traffic to bypass the IPS engine if it is not operational.
NEW QUESTION # 42
In which two ways does fortiManager function when it is deployed as a local FDS? (Choose two)
- A. It provides VM license validation services
- B. It caches available firmware updates for unmanaged devices
- C. It supports rating requests from non-FortiGate devices.
- D. lt can be configured as an update server a rating server or both
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
When deployed as a local FortiGuard Distribution Server (FDS), FortiManager functions in several capacities.
It can act as an update server, a rating server, or both, providing firmware updates and FortiGuard database updates. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in VM license validation services, ensuring that the connected FortiGate devices are operating with valid licenses. However, it does not support rating requests from non-FortiGate devices nor cache firmware updates for unmanaged devices.
Fortinet FortiOS Handbook: FortiManager as a Local FDS Configuration
NEW QUESTION # 43
Refer to the exhibit, which shows two configured FortiGate devices and peering over FGSP.
The main link directly connects the two FortiGate devices and is configured using the set session-syn-dev <interface> command.
What is the primary reason to configure the main link?
- A. To load balance both sessions and configuration synchronization between layer 2 and 3
- B. To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 2
- C. To have only configuration synchronization in layer 3
- D. To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 3
Answer: D
Explanation:
The primary purpose of configuring a main link between the devices is to synchronize session information so that if one unit fails, the other can continue processing traffic without dropping active sessions.
A).To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 2.This is incorrect because FGSP is used for session synchronization, not configuration synchronization.
B).To load balance both sessions and configuration synchronization between layer 2 and 3.FGSP does not perform load balancing and is not used for configuration synchronization.
C).To have only configuration synchronization in layer 3.The main link is not used solely for configuration synchronization.
D).To have both sessions and configuration synchronization in layer 3.The main link in an FGSP setup is indeed used to synchronize session information across the devices, and it operates at layer 3 since it uses IP addresses to establish the peering.
NEW QUESTION # 44
Refer to the exhibits, which show the configurations of two address objects from the same FortiGate.
Why can you modify the Engineering address object, but not the Finance address object?
- A. You have read-only access.
- B. FortiGate is registered on FortiManager.
- C. FortiGate joined the Security Fabric and the Finance address object was configured on the root FortiGate.
- D. Another user is editing the Finance address object in workspace mode.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The inability to modify the Finance address object while being able to modify the Engineering address object suggests that the Finance object is being managed by a higher authority in the Security Fabric, likely the root FortiGate. When a FortiGate is part of a Security Fabric, address objects and other configurations may be managed centrally. This aligns with the Fortinet FortiGate documentation on Security Fabric and central management of address objects.
NEW QUESTION # 45
Refer to the exhibits, which show the configurations of two address objects from the same FortiGate.
Why can you modify the Engineering address object, but not the Finance address object?
- A. FortiGate joined the Security Fabric and the Finance address object was configured on the root FortiGate.
- B. You have read-only access.
- C. FortiGate is registered on FortiManager.
- D. Another user is editing the Finance address object in workspace mode.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The inability to modify the Finance address object while being able to modify the Engineering address object suggests that the Finance object is being managed by a higher authority in the Security Fabric, likely the root FortiGate. When a FortiGate is part of a Security Fabric, address objects and other configurations may be managed centrally. This aligns with the Fortinet FortiGate documentation on Security Fabric and central management of address objects.
NEW QUESTION # 46
Which statement about the designated router (DR) and backup designated router (BDR) in an OSPF multi- access network is true?
- A. FortiGate first checks the OSPF ID to elect a DR.
- B. Non-DR and non-BDR routers form full adjacencies to DR only.
- C. Only the DR receives link state information from non-DR routers.
- D. Non-DR and non-BDR routers send link state updates and acknowledgements to 224.0.0.6.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 47
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which provides information on BGP neighbors.
Which can you conclude from this command output?
- A. The router are in the number to match the remote peer.
- B. BGP is attempting to establish a TCP connection with the BGP peer.
- C. The bfd configuration to set to enable.
- D. You must change the AS number to match the remote peer.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The BGP state is "Idle", indicating that BGP is attempting to establish a TCP connection with the peer. This is the first state in the BGP finite state machine, and it means that no TCP connection has been established yet. If the TCP connection fails, the BGP state will reset to either active or idle, depending on the configuration. Reference: You can find more information about BGP states and troubleshooting in the following Fortinet Enterprise Firewall 7.2 documents:
Troubleshooting BGP
How BGP works
NEW QUESTION # 48
Which statement about network processor (NP) offloading is true?
- A. For TCP traffic FortiGate CPU offloads the first packets of SYN/ACK and ACK of the three-way handshake to NP
- B. You can disable the NP for each firewall policy using the command np-acceleration st to loose.
- C. The NP provides IPS signature matching
- D. The NP checks the session key or IPSec SA
Answer: A
Explanation:
Option A is correct because the FortiGate CPU offloads the first packets of TCP sessions to the NP for faster connection establishment and reduced CPU load1. This feature is called TCP offloading and it is enabled by default on FortiGate models with NP6 or higher2.
Option B is incorrect because the NP does not provide IPS signature matching. The NP only handles the packet forwarding and encryption/decryption functions, while the IPS signature matching is performed by the content processor (CP) or the CPU3.
Option C is incorrect because the command to disable the NP for each firewall policy is set np-acceleration disable, not set np-acceleration st to loose4. This command can be used to prevent certain traffic types from being offloaded to the NP, such as multicast, broadcast, or non-IP packets5.
Option D is incorrect because the NP does not check the session key or IPSec SA. The NP only offloads the IPSec encryption/decryption and tunneling functions, while the session key and IPSec SA are managed by the CPU. Reference: =
1: TCP offloading
2: Network processors (NP6, NP6XLite, NP6Lite, and NP4)
3: Content processors (CP9, CP9XLite, CP9Lite)
4: Disabling NP offloading for firewall policies
5: NP hardware acceleration alters packet flow
6: IPSec VPN concepts
NEW QUESTION # 49
Which ADVPN configuration must be configured using a script on fortiManager, when using VPN Manager to manage fortiGate VPN tunnels?
- A. Disable add-route on hub
- B. Configure IP addresses on IPsec virtual interlaces
- C. Set protected network to all
- D. Enable AD-VPN in IPsec phase 1
Answer: D
Explanation:
To enable AD-VPN, you need to edit an SD-WAN overlay template and enable the Auto-Discovery VPN toggle. This will automatically add the required settings to the IPsec template and the BGP template. You cannot enable AD-VPN directly in the IPsec phase 1 settings using VPN Manager. Reference := ADVPN | FortiManager 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 50
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