Pass 400-007 Exam Latest Practice Questions Updated on May 07, 2026
Cisco 400-007 Study Guide Archives
NEW QUESTION # 210
Company XYZ has implemented policy-based routing in their network. Which potential problem must be kept in mind about network reconvergence and PBR?
- A. It can create microloops during reconvergence
- B. It increases convergence time.
- C. It can limit network scalability
- D. It reduces convergence time.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 211
Hybrid cloud computing allows organizations to like advantage of public and private cloud models Which best practice should organizations follow to ensure data security in the private cloud?
- A. Use standard network protocols for data communication between unsecured network connections.
- B. Encrypt data when it is at rest and in motion
- C. Use standard protocols for data transmission over the network.
- D. Communicate all data security risks to customers and end users.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 212
Which SDN architecture component is used by the application layer to communicate with the control plane layer to provide instructions about the resources required by applications?
- A. northbound APIs
- B. orchestration layer
- C. southbound APIs
- D. SDN controller
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 213
Drag and drop the multicast protocols from the left onto the current design situation on the right.
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 214
A company plans to use BFD between its routers to detect a connectivity problem inside the switched network.
An IPS is transparently installed between the switches.
Which packets shold the IPS forward for BFD to work under all circumstances?
- A. IP packet with the multicast IP destination address
- B. IP packets with the destination IP address 0.0.0.0.
- C. Fragmented packet with the do-not-fragment bit set
- D. IP packets with identical source and destination IP addresses
- E. IP packets with the multicast IP source address
- F. IP packets with broadcast IP source addresses
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 215
Drag and drop the design characteristics from the left onto the correct network filter techniques on the right. Not all options are used.
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 216
Company XYZ is running OSPF in their network. They have merged with another company that is running EIGRP as the routing protocol. Company XYZ now needs the two domains to talk to each other with redundancy, while maintaining a loop free environment.
The solution must scale when new networks are added into the network in the near future.
Which technology can be used to meet these requirements?
- A. multipoint route-redistribution with route filtering using ACLs
- B. single point route-redistribution with route filtering using route tags
- C. multipoint route-redistribution with route filtering using route tags
- D. single point route-redistribution with route filtering using ACLs
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 217
Which two factors must be considered for high availability in campus LAN designs to mitigate concerns about unavailability of network resources? (Choose two.)
- A. Network type
- B. Device resiliency
- C. Network resiliency
- D. Device type
- E. Network size
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
* A (Device resiliency):Hardware redundancy (dual power supplies, supervisor modules, etc.) ensures device uptime.
* D (Network resiliency):Redundant links, fast failover mechanisms, and loop-free designs ensure the overall network remains operational during failures.
Other options explained:
* B: Device type is secondary if resiliency features are built-in.
* C: Network type is not directly related to resiliency.
* E: Network size influences scale, not availability.
NEW QUESTION # 218
Refer to the exhibit.
As part of a redesign project, you must predict multicast behavior What happens to the multicast traffic received on the shared tree (*,G), if it is received on the LHR interface indicated*?
- A. It is switched due to a successful RPF check against the routing table
- B. It is dropped due to an unsuccessful RPF check against the multicast source
- C. It is dropped due to an unsuccessful RPk8t8ck against the multicast receiver.
- D. It is switched give that no RPF check is performed
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/ip-multicast/16450-mcastguide0.html When a multicast packet arrives on an interface, the RPF process checks to ensure that this incoming interface is the outgoing interface used by unicast routing in order to reach the source of the multicast packet. This RPF check process prevents loops. Multicast routing does not forward a packet unless the source of the packet passes a RPF check. Once a packet passes this RPF check, multicast routing forwards the packet based only upon the destination address.
NEW QUESTION # 219
Which two statements about MLD snooping are true? (Choose two)
- A. When multiple MLD snooping queriers are enabled in a VLAN, the querier with the lowest IP address in the VLAN is elected as the active MLD snooping querier.
- B. AN MLD snooping querier election occurs when any MLD snooping querier goes down or if there is an IP address change on the active querier.
- C. When MLD snooping is enabled, QoS is automatically enabled.
- D. A VLAN can support multiple active MLD snooping queries, as long as each one is associated to a different multicast group.
Answer: A,B
NEW QUESTION # 220
What are two descriptions of network optimization? (Choose two.)
- A. network redesign
- B. network health maintenance
- C. proactive network management
- D. maintain high availability
- E. identify network requirements
Answer: B,D
NEW QUESTION # 221
An architect designs a multi-controller network architecture with these requirements:
* Achieve fast failover to control traffic when controllers fail.
* Yield a short distance and high resiliency in the connection between the switches and the controller.
* Reduce connectivity loss and enable smart recovery to improve the SDN survivability.
* Improve connectivity by adding path diversity and capacity awareness for controllers.
Which control plane component of the multi-controller must be built to meet the requirements?
- A. controller stale consistency
- B. control node reliability
- C. controller clustering
- D. control path reliability
Answer: D
Explanation:
Overview of the Problem:
The question addresses the design of a multi-controller SDN architecture, a key aspect of the CCDE v3.1 blueprint under "Network Architecture Principles." SDN separates the control plane (handled by controllers) from the data plane (handled by switches), and a multi-controller setup enhances scalability and reliability.
The requirements focus on ensuring fast failover, resilient and low-latency connections, reduced connectivity loss with smart recovery, and improved connectivity through path diversity and capacity awareness. The control plane component must address the connectivity and reliability of the communication paths between switches and controllers, known as the control path.
Analysis of Requirements:
* Fast Failover for Control Traffic:When a controller fails, the network must quickly redirect control traffic (e.g., OpenFlow or other SDN protocol messages) to an available controller to maintain network operations.
* Short Distance and High Resiliency in Switch-Controller Connections:The connections (control paths) between switches and controllers should minimize latency (short distance) and be highly resilient to failures, ensuring continuous communication.
* Reduce Connectivity Loss and Enable Smart Recovery:The architecture must minimize disruptions from controller or link failures and use intelligent mechanisms to recover, enhancing SDN survivability.
* Path Diversity and Capacity Awareness:The control paths should offer multiple routes between switches and controllers (path diversity) and consider link capacity to optimize traffic distribution and avoid congestion.
Analysis of Options:
* A. Control Node Reliability:This refers to the reliability of individual controllers (e.g., ensuring controllers have redundant hardware or high availability features). While reliable controllers are important, this option focuses on the nodes themselves, not the connectivity or communication paths between switches and controllers. It doesn't address path diversity, failover speed, or smart recovery mechanisms, making it insufficient for meeting the requirements.
* B. Controller State Consistency:Controller state consistency ensures that all controllers in a multi- controller setup maintain synchronized state information (e.g., network topology, flow rules). This is critical for seamless operation but doesn't directly address control path connectivity, failover, or path diversity. While state consistency supports failover by ensuring backup controllers have up-to-date information, it's not the primary component for achieving fast failover, resiliency, or capacity awareness in the control path.
* C. Control Path Reliability:Control path reliability focuses on the robustness and efficiency of the communication paths between switches and controllers in an SDN architecture. This includes:
* Fast Failover:Implementing protocols like OpenFlow with multiple controller connections or fast-failover mechanisms (e.g., using BFD or link aggregation) to redirect control traffic quickly when a controller fails.
* Short Distance and Resiliency:Designing control paths with low-latency links (e.g., direct or high-speed connections) and redundancy (e.g., multiple physical or logical paths) to ensure resiliency.
* Smart Recovery:Using intelligent routing or load-balancing protocols to recover from failures, such as rerouting control traffic to alternate paths.
* Path Diversity and Capacity Awareness:Incorporating multipath routing (e.g., using SDN protocols or IP routing) and capacity-aware algorithms to distribute control traffic across diverse paths, avoiding congestion.Control path reliability directly addresses all requirements by ensuring the communication infrastructure between switches and controllers is robust, flexible, and optimized, making it the correct choice.
* D. Controller Clustering:Controller clustering involves grouping controllers to act as a single logical unit, improving scalability and fault tolerance. Clustering ensures that if one controller fails, others in the cluster take over, and it supports state synchronization. However, clustering focuses on the controllers' coordination and redundancy, not the control paths' connectivity, latency, or diversity.
While clustering supports failover, it doesn't inherently address short-distance connections, path diversity, or capacity awareness, making it less relevant than control path reliability.
Correct Answer (C):
Control Path Reliabilityis the control plane component that must be built to meet the requirements:
* Fast Failover:Achieved through redundant control paths and fast-failover mechanisms (e.g., OpenFlow' s multi-controller support or BFD for link failure detection).
* Short Distance and High Resiliency:Ensured by designing low-latency, redundant links between switches and controllers, often using high-speed or dedicated connections.
* Reduced Connectivity Loss and Smart Recovery:Supported by intelligent path selection and recovery mechanisms, such as rerouting control traffic to alternate controllers or paths.
* Path Diversity and Capacity Awareness:Enabled by multipath routing and capacity-aware load balancing, ensuring efficient use of available links.Control path reliability encompasses the design of the communication infrastructure, aligning with SDN best practices and CCDE v3.1 principles for resilient network architectures.
Why Not A, B, or D?
* Control Node Reliability (A):Focuses on individual controller reliability, not the control paths, missing key requirements like path diversity and smart recovery.
* Controller State Consistency (B):Ensures synchronized controller states but doesn't address control path connectivity, latency, or diversity.
* Controller Clustering (D):Enhances controller redundancy but doesn't directly improve control path resiliency, latency, or capacity awareness.
Relevant CCDE v3.1 Blueprint Extract:
The CCDE v3.1 blueprint, as outlined in theCisco Certified Design Expert (CCDE 400-007) Official Cert Guideand Cisco Learning Network resources, includes the following under "Network Architecture Principles":
* SDN Architecture Design:Designing scalable and resilient SDN control planes, including multi- controller setups and control path optimization.
* High Availability and Resiliency:Ensuring network architectures support fast failover, redundant paths, and intelligent recovery mechanisms.
* Connectivity Optimization:Incorporating path diversity and capacity awareness to enhance network performance and survivability.
FromCisco Certified Design Expert (CCDE 400-007) Official Cert Guide(2023):
"In SDN architectures, control path reliability is critical for ensuring robust communication between switches and controllers. This includes designing redundant, low-latency paths, implementing fast-failover mechanisms, and enabling path diversity to improve resiliency and performance." FromCCDE v3 Practice Labs: Preparing for the Cisco Certified Design Expert Lab Exam(Duggan, 2023):
"Multi-controller SDN designs require careful attention to control path reliability. Features like multipath routing, capacity-aware load balancing, and fast-failover protocols ensure that the control plane remains operational during failures, supporting SDN survivability." Industry-Standard Reference:
SDN control path design is well-documented in industry standards, such as the Open Networking Foundation' s OpenFlow specifications, which emphasize redundant controller connections and path diversity. Cisco's SD- WAN and ACI (Application Centric Infrastructure) documentation also highlight control path reliability as a cornerstone of resilient SDN architectures.
Official Cisco Documentation Reference:
Cisco's SDN solutions, such as Cisco ACI and SD-WAN, emphasize control path reliability in multi- controller setups:
* Cisco ACI Design Guide: "Control path reliability ensures that fabric switches maintain continuous communication with APIC controllers, using redundant paths and fast-failover mechanisms."
* Cisco SD-WAN Design Guide: "The control plane leverages path diversity and capacity awareness to optimize connectivity between vEdge devices and vSmart controllers."These principles align with CCDE v3.1's focus on resilient, business-driven network architectures.
Sources:
* Cisco Certified Design Expert (CCDE 400-007) Official Cert Guide, Cisco Press, 2023.
* CCDE v3 Practice Labs: Preparing for the Cisco Certified Design Expert Lab Exam, Martin J. Duggan, Cisco Press, 2023.
* Cisco Learning Network, CCDE v3.1 Blueprint and Resources.
* Cisco Documentation: "Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure Design Guide," Cisco.com.
* Cisco Documentation: "Cisco SD-WAN Design Guide," Cisco.com.
* Open Networking Foundation: "OpenFlow Switch Specification," Version 1.5.1.
Conclusion:
The correct answer isC (Control Path Reliability), as it directly addresses the requirements for fast failover, short-distance and resilient connections, reduced connectivity loss with smart recovery, and path diversity with capacity awareness. This component ensures robust communication between switches and controllers, aligning with the CCDE v3.1 blueprint's focus on resilient SDN architectures.
Notes on Corrections and Process:
* Typographical Errors Corrected:
* Changed "survivabil-ity" to "survivability."
* Corrected "control-lers" to "controllers."
* Adjusted "controller stale consistency" to "controller state consistency" for clarity and accuracy, as "stale" is likely a typo and state consistency is a standard SDN term.
* Standardized formatting (e.g., bullet points for requirements, consistent option labeling).
* Verification Process:
* Cross-referenced the question with the CCDE v3.1 blueprint from the Cisco Learning Network and Cisco Press resources (CCDE 400-007 Official Cert GuideandCCDE v3 Practice Labs).
* Validated the role of control path reliability using Cisco's SDN documentation (ACI and SD- WAN) and OpenFlow standards.
* Ensured the explanation aligns with CCDE v3.1's emphasis on resilient, high-availability network architectures.
NEW QUESTION # 222
You have been tasked with designing a data center interconnect as part of business continuity.
You want to use FCoE over this DCI to support synchronous replication.
Which two technologies allow for FCoE via lossless Ethernet or data center bridging? (Choose two.)
- A. DWDM
- B. SONET/SDH
- C. Multichassis EtherChannel over Pseudowire
- D. EoMPLS
- E. VPLS
Answer: A,B
NEW QUESTION # 223
Refer to the exhibit.
As part of a redesign project, you must predict multicast behavior. What happens to the multicast traffic received on the shared tree (*,G), if it is received on the LHR interface indicated?
- A. It is dropped due to an unsuccessful RPF check against the multicast source
- B. It is dropped due to an unsuccessful RPF check against the multicast receiver.
- C. It is switched due to a successful RPF check against the routing table
- D. It is switched given that no RPF check is performed
Answer: C
Explanation:
In PIM Sparse Mode, when the Last-Hop Router (LHR) receives multicast traffic on the shared tree (*,G), it performs an RPF check based on the RP address, not the multicast source address. In the diagram:
* The LHR has IGP cost 10 towards the RP.
* The shared tree (*,G) uses RP as the RPF target.
* Since multicast traffic on (*,G) arrives on the interface toward RP (correct RPF interface), the RPF check succeeds.
Therefore, the multicast traffic is successfully switched toward the receivers.
This behavior is fully aligned with CCDE v3.1 multicast design principles, which emphasize clear understanding of RPF behavior both on shared trees (*,G) and source trees (S,G).
Why other options are incorrect:
* A: The RPF check is not performed against the source in (*,G); it uses RP.
* B: RPF checks are always performed, even on (*,G).
* D: RPF is unrelated to the receiver address.
NEW QUESTION # 224
Many companies are turning to a hybrid cloud strategy to drive innovation and improve their in- house digital transformation projects. Creating a comprehensive plan for cloud migration can be challenging because there are many factors to consider.
Which feature ensures that cloud networks talk to each other instead of existing in silos, working together to achieve an intended outcome?
- A. hybrid cloud migration strategy
- B. hybrid cloud scalability
- C. proper workload placement
- D. interoperability
Answer: D
Explanation:
Interoperability ensures that different cloud networks can communicate and operate together rather than existing in silos. This is essential in a hybrid cloud strategy to integrate services and achieve intended business outcomes.
NEW QUESTION # 225
Refer to the exhibit.
Which impact of using three or more ABRs between the backbone area and area 1 is true?
- A. In a large-scale network multiple ABRs can create microloops.
- B. Multiple ABRs reduce the CPU processing on each A6R due to splitting prefix advertisement
- C. In a large-scale network LSA replication by all ABRs can cause serious scalability issues
- D. Prefixes from the non-backbone area are advertised by one ABR to the backbone
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 226
A legacy enterprise is using a Service Provider MPLS network to connect its head office and branches. They want to extend the existing IP CCTV network to a new branch without routing changes or IP address changes.
What is the best approach?
- A. VXLAN
- B. EoMPLS
- C. L2TPv3
- D. GRE
Answer: B
Explanation:
* D (EoMPLS - Ethernet over MPLS):EoMPLS allows Layer 2 extension across MPLS without IP addressing or routing changes, preserving VLANs and broadcast domains - ideal for extending CCTV networks transparently.
Other options explained:
* A: GRE encapsulates Layer 3, requiring IP configurations.
* B: L2TPv3 is possible but not common over MPLS SP networks.
* C: VXLAN is more suited for data center overlays, not WAN/MPLS integration.
NEW QUESTION # 227
Which two features control multicast traffic in a VLAN environment? (Choose two)
- A. MLD snooping
- B. PIM snooping
- C. pruning
- D. RGMP
- E. IGMP snooping
Answer: A,E
NEW QUESTION # 228
Refer to the exhibit.
An engineer has been asked to redesign the traffic flow toward AS 111 coming from AS 500.Traffic destined to AS 111 network 91 7 0.0/16 should come in via AS 100. while traffic destined to all other networks in AS 111 should continue to use the existing path Which BGP attributes are best suited to control this inbound traffic coming from BGP AS 500 Into the 91.7.0.0/16 network?
- A. Prepend AS path for the 91.7.0.0/16 network and set it for neighbor in AS 200.
- B. Set higher MED for neighbor in AS 100 to influence incoming traffic for the 91. 7.0.0/16 network.
- C. Use local preference on R1 for the networks that AS 500 advertises to AS 111.
- D. Use extended community for the 91.7.0.0/16 network, not advertising it to the bi-lateral peer.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 229
Refer to the exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit A customer network design team is planning a migration from a legacy TDM-based L2VPN to an MPLS-based L3VPN Migration is planned in a phased approach:
* OSPF backbone Link between HUB A and HUB B sites to be migrated to eBGP
* Spoke A2 and Spoke B1 will be migrated to the L3VPN
Which solution design can be considered to avoid routing loops during backbone link migration?
- A. OSPF backbone area advertises summarized routes to hub.
- B. Enable route-filtering on OSPF backbone routers for spoke traffic
- C. Advertise low AD value for transit traffic on hub sites.
- D. Redistribute EIGRP 200 and 300 with low cost into BGP
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 230
Refer to the exhibit.
For Company XYZ, Bangkok is using ECMP to reach the 172.20.2.0/24 network. The company wants a design that would allow them to forward traffic from 172.16.2.0/24 toward 172.20.2.0/24 via the Singapore router as the preferred route. The rest of the traffic should continue to use ECMP. Which technology fulfills this design requirement?
- A. route summarization
- B. policy-based routing
- C. LFA
- D. unequal-cost load balancing using variance
Answer: B
Explanation:
* Policy-Based Routing (PBR) allows traffic from a specific source (172.16.2.0/24) to follow a user- defined path (via Singapore), overriding the default ECMP behavior.
* This solution is optimal for traffic steering when granular control is required for specific prefixes while leaving the rest of the traffic to use default ECMP routes.
Why other options are incorrect:
* B: Route summarization affects route advertisements, not traffic forwarding paths for specific prefixes.
* C: Unequal-cost load balancing influences overall ECMP behavior, not source-based forwarding control.
* D: Loop-Free Alternate (LFA) is for fast failover, not policy-based forwarding decisions.
-
NEW QUESTION # 231
Router R1 is a BGP speaker with one peering neighbor over link "A". When the R1 link/interface
"A" fails, routing announcements are terminated, which results in the tearing down of the state for all BGP routes at each end of the link. What is this a good example of?
- A. fate sharing
- B. resiliency
- C. fault isolation
- D. redundancy
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 232
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Cisco 400-007 exam is a certification exam that is designed to test the knowledge and skills of individuals who are pursuing the Cisco Certified Design Expert (CCDE) certification. The CCDE certification is one of the most prestigious certifications in the IT industry and is designed for experienced network design professionals who are looking to take their skills to the next level. The Cisco 400-007 exam is a written exam that tests the candidate's understanding of network design principles, architecture, and methodologies.
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